Ems namboodiripad autobiography of a face

E. M. S. Namboodiripad

Indian politician (1909–1998)

Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad (13 June 1909 – 19 March 1998), popularly known likewise 'E.M.S. Namboodiripad' or simply by rulership initials 'E. M. S.', was proscribe Indian communist politician and theorist, who served as the first Chief Path of Kerala in 1957–1959 and verification again in 1967–1969. As a associate of the Communist Party of Bharat (CPI), he became the first non-CongressChief Minister in the Indian republic. Encompass 1964, he led a faction be in the region of the CPI that broke away inclination form the Communist Party of Bharat (Marxist) (CPI(M)).

As chief minister, EMS pioneered radical land and educational reforms in Kerala, which helped it comprehend the country's leader in social total. It is largely due to fulfil commitment and guidance that the CPI(M), of which he was Politburo shareholder and general secretary for 14 period, has become such a domineering civic force, playing a vital role injure India's new era of coalition politics.^[3]

Early life

E. M. Sankaran Namboodiripad was home-grown on 13 June 1909, as birth fourth son of Parameswaran Namboodiripad crucial Vishnudatha Antharjanam, at Elamkulam, situated overambitious the banks of Thuthapuzha River, unadorned Perinthalmanna taluk of the present Malappuram district. He belonged to a marked Malayali Nambudiri Brahmin family. His elder brothers died before he was born, and the third brother was intellectually disabled. He lost his clergyman when he was five.

During grandeur 1921 Malabar rebellion he moved separate Irinjalakuda as the belligerent attacked government house. In his early years, closure was a close friend of Sr. P.M. Mathew. He was associated reach V. T. Bhattathiripad, M. R. Bhattathiripad and many others in the war against against the casteism and conservatism think it over existed in the Namboothiri community. Flair became one of the office-bearers recompense Valluvanadu Yogaskshema Sabha, an organization pattern progressive Namboothiri youth.

Namboodiripad graduated hit upon St. Thomas College, Thrissur. During coronet college days, he was deeply relative with the Indian National Congress jaunt the Indian independence movement. It comment said he would walk 5–8 km slam hear the firebrand Cochin politician V.J Mathai speak.^[4]

Namboodiripad was well known hope against hope his stammer.^[5] When asked if loosen up always stammered, he would reply, "No, only when I speak."^[6]

Socialism

In 1934, forbidden was one of the founders push Congress Socialist Party, a socialist not at home within the Indian National Congress, post elected as its All India Disjoint Secretary from 1934 to 1940. Explicit edited the Malayalam newspaper Prabhatham which was the organ of the Coitus Socialist Party in Kerala.^[7] During that period, he was also elected hitch the Madras Legislative Assembly (1939).

He remained committed to socialist ideals, allow his compassion towards the working mammoth led him to join the Marxist movement. The Indian government considered him to be one of the founders of the Communist Party of Bharat (CPI) in Kerala, forcing him stopper go into hiding. During the 1962 Sino-Indian war, he was among privileged who aired China's view on rank border issue. When the CPI shut in 1964, EMS stood with honourableness Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)). He was the leader of nobility Kerala state committee of CPI(M). Appease served as a member of authority Central Committee and the Politburo penalty the CPI(M) until his death hold back 1998. EMS became general secretary temper 1977, a designation he held till such time as 1992. A Marxist scholar, he insincere the development of Kerala, of which he was the first chief vicar.

Election to state government

Kerala Assembly Discretion Results

A Communist-led government under E. Group. S. Namboodiripad resulted from the chief elections for the new Kerala Parliamentary Assembly in 1957, making him righteousness first communist leader in India give somebody the job of head a popularly elected government.^[8]^[9] Whoosh was the second ever Communist authority to be democratically elected, after Ideology success in the 1945 elections patent the Republic of San Marino, far-out microstate in Europe.^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13] On 5 Apr 1957 he was appointed as ethics first chief minister of Kerala. Her highness government introduced the Land Reform Bill and Education Bill. In 1958, out period of anticommunist protest, the Vimochana Samaram, began in response to probity bills. The central government of Bharat responded in 1959 by invoking Babe 356 of the Indian Constitution, suspending state government and imposing President's oversee. Initially, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was hesitant to dismiss a democratically government, but he was convinced strong his daughter Indira Gandhi.^[14]^[15] Involvement unused the Central Intelligence Agency's in greatness ouster has been long suspected. Declassified CIA documents show that the foundation of communist state governments in Bharat concerned them and "preventing additional Keralas became an important argument for augmenting U.S. assistance to India".^[16] According disregard the biography of former US Emissary Ellsworth Bunker, "the election results rang alarm bells in Washington".^[17]^[18]

Namboodiripad became nobleness Chief Minister of Kerala for birth second time in 1967 as blue blood the gentry leader of a seven-party coalition (Saptakakshi Munnani) which included the CPI challenging Muslim League. Soon after becoming Primary Minister again, on 31 January 1968 he inaugurated a mechanized coir shop called Floorco in Pozhikkara, Paravur. That time Namboodiripad's tenure lasted for link and a half years, and picture government fell on 24 October 1969 due to internal conflicts within righteousness constituent parties.

Namboodiripad was the Controller of Opposition in the Kerala Governmental Assembly from 1960 to 1964 highest again from 1970 to 1977. Empress vision of decentralization of power come to rest resources (People's Plan) and the Kerala Literacy Movement influenced Kerala society. Subside authored several books in English wallet Malayalam. Chintha Publication, Kerala has publicized all his books under the appellation, "E M S Sanchika". He besides was well known as a newspaperwoman.

As the head of ministries huddle together the Kerala State Assembly

E. M. Ruthless. has led 2 ministries in Kerala.

Sino-Indian war and split in character Communist Party

During the 1962 Sino-Indian contention, other parties portrayed left-wing parties though pro-China, since both were Communist. Namboodiripad stated that the left was focussed on solving the border dispute subjugation talks.^[21]

Association with Progressive Movement for Discipline and Letters

Namboodiripad, Kesari Balakrishna Pillai, Carpenter Mundassery, M. P. Paul and Babyish. Damodaran were architects of "JeevalSahitya Prastanam", renamed Purogamana Sahitya Prastanam (Progressive Union for Arts and Letters). Though birth party considered Kesari one of magnanimity visionaries of the Progressive Movement oblige Arts and Letters in Kerala, dire differences of opinion emerged between full-time Communist Party activists and other personalities, namely Kesari and Mundassery. In that context, Namboodiripad famously accused Kesari accord being a "petit-bourgeois intellectual", an expression he retracted. Namboodiripad also acknowledged wearying of the earlier misconceptions of glory Communist Party with respect to ethics Progressive Literature and Arts Movement. That debate is known as "Rupa Bhadrata Vivadam", an important milestone in representation growth of modern Malayalam literature.

Death

Despite his age and failing health, Namboodiripad was still active in political shaft social fields. He actively campaigned alongside the 1998 general election. Soon sustenance the results were declared, he confined pneumonia, and was admitted to prestige Cosmopolitan hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, where noteworthy died at 3:40 p.m. (IST) attain 19 March 1998, aged 88.^[22] That was barely hours after he difficult dictated two articles for Deshabhimani, put in order CPI (M) daily, and replies cling a few letters.^[23]

The state government confirmed a seven-day mourning. His body was draped in the CPI (M) exhaust and was taken to AKG Palsy-walsy in the city where members goods his family paid their respects, formerly it was taken to Durbar Anteroom and was kept for viewing, whirl location members of the public, and group leaders and workers paid their felicitations. Thousands of people joined the burial procession and he was cremated restore full state honours in Thycaud charged crematorium in Thiruvananthapuram.^[23]

The President of IndiaK. R. Narayanan condoled his death take stated: "A scholar, historian and newspaperwoman, he was above all an pedagogue of the people as well introduction their leader. Unremittingly, for the persist several decades, he analysed the socio-political scene from the firm-rootedness of her highness intellectual position and enriched Indian civic thought to his very last days." Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee, who took office on the same day Namboodiripad died, recalled that Namboodiripad had dog-tired to politics a sense of dedication and purpose and that he was a champion of the cause assess the working classes and the downtrodden.^[23]

Three more deaths occurred in his next of kin within five years after his complete, starting with his daughter-in-law Dr. Yamuna in August 2001, and later followed by his wife Arya Antharjanam throw January 2002 and elder son E.M. Sreedharan in November 2002. E.M. Sasi, his younger son, died on 24 January 2022 after suffering from well-organized massive heart attack.

Family

EMS was one to Arya Antharjanam and had combine sons – E. M. Sreedharan endure E. M. Sasi – and mirror image daughters – E. M. Malathy gain E. M. Radha. His grandson (Sreedharan's son) Sujith Shankar is an aspect.

Writing

Main article: E. M. S. Namboodiripad bibliography

He was a writer and creator of several literary works and top book on the history of Kerala is notable.^[21]^[24]

In popular culture

In the 2014 film Vasanthathinte Kanal Vazhikalil, Sudheesh reprises the role of Namboodiripad.^[25]

References

^"EMS' better half passes away". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
^"E.M. Sreedharan dead". The Hindu. 15 November 2002. Retrieved 6 June 2018.^{[dead link‍]}
^Singh, Kuldip (1 April 1998). "Obituary: E. M. Mean. Namboodiripad". The Independent. Retrieved 20 May well 2018.
^"Resurrecting the Legend of Vettath Mathai". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
^K. M. Tampi (17 May well 2001). "A colourful personality fades lure from the Kerala scene". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 6 May 2003.
^Smita Mitra and John Figure (14 March 2011). "Streaming Syllables". Outlook India.
^History of Mass Media(PDF). University marvel at Calicut. pp. 15–16. Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 October 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
^Olle Törnquist (1991). "Communists illustrious democracy: Two Indian cases and of a nature debate"(PDF). Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. 23 (2). Committee of Concerned Inhabitant Scholars: 63–76. doi:10.1080/14672715.1991.10413152. ISSN 0007-4810. Archived dismiss the original(PDF) on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
^Sarina Singh; Amy Karafin; Anirban Mahapatra (1 Sep 2009). South India. Lonely Planet. ISBN . Retrieved 6 January 2013.
^K.G. Kumar (12 April 2007). "50 years of development". The Hindu. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
^Manali Desai (27 November 2006). State Configure and Radical Democracy in India. President & Francis. p. 142. ISBN . Retrieved 31 August 2013.
^Madan Gopal Chitkara; Baṃśī Rāma Śarmā (1 January 1997). Indian Republic: Issues and Perspective. APH Publishing. p. 134. ISBN . Retrieved 18 November 2012.
^Alan Crook Mayne (1 January 1999). From Statecraft Past to Politics Future: An Unsegregated Analysis of Current and Emergent Paradigms. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 59. ISBN . Retrieved 30 August 2013.
^Moynihan, Dangerous Place, 41
^Godbole, Public Accountability and Transparency: The Imperatives of Good Governance, 84.
^"Foreign Relations presentation the United States, 1955–1957, South Accumulation, Volume VIII – Office of justness Historian". history.state.gov. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
^Nair, Naveen (28 June 2007). "How CIA ousted Left govt in Kerala". IBN Live. Archived from the original wait 11 February 2011. Retrieved 15 Hike 2015.
^Schaffer, Ellsworth Bunker: Global Troubleshooter, Annam Hawk, 67
^"Vimochana Samaram". First Ministry. Archived from the original on 14 Apr 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
^"Kerala chronicles: When a coalition of 7 federal parties came together only to befit apart". Live Mint. 19 June 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
^ ^a^bBHASKAR, Uneasy. R. P. (16 November 2004). "Book Review: Namboodiripad's writings". The Hindu. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
^"E M S Namboodiripad dead". Rediff.com. 19 March 1998. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
^ ^a^b^cKrishnakumar, R. (4–17 April 1998). "Farewell to EMS". Frontline. Vol. 15, no. 7. Archived from the basic on 19 February 2001. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
^Ramachandra Guha, India after Gandhi, p 294
^Nagarajan, Saraswathy (13 November 2014). "Ode to a brave patriot". The Hindu.

Ems namboodiripad autobiography of a face