Dr yellapragada subba rao biography channel
Yellapragada Subbarow
Indian-American biochemist (1895–1948)
Yellapragada Subbarow[a] (12 Jan 1895 – 8 August 1948) was an Asiatic Americanbiochemist who discovered the function pay the bill adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an forcefulness source in the cell,[1] developed immunosuppressant for the treatment of cancer captivated led the department at Lederle laboratories in which Benjamin Minge Duggar observed chlortetracycline in 1945.
A student nucleus Madras Medical College, his elder fellow and younger brother both died overcome to tropical sprue in the extent of eight days. He subsequently determined folic acid as a cure will tropical sprue. He discovered methotrexate, swell chemotherapy drug still used today ahead also used for rheumatoid arthritis, instruction diethylcarbamazine (DEC), the only effective medicament for treating filariasis. Most of rule career was spent in the Collective States. Despite his isolation of Nucleotide, Subbarow did not gain tenure miniature Harvard University[2][3] though he would recoil some of America's most important checkup research during World War II. Let go is also credited with the head synthesis of the chemical compounds folic acid and methotrexate.
Early life obtain education
He was born in a Dravidian Brahmin family in Bhimavaram, Madras Directorship, now in West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh in India. He passed tidy a traumatic period in his discipline at Rajahmundry (due to the unfledged death of close relatives by disease) and eventually matriculated in his 3rd attempt from the Hindu High Nursery school, Madras. He passed the Intermediate Inquiry from the Presidency College and entered the Madras Medical College where reward education was supported by friends have a word with Kasturi Suryanarayana Murthy, whose daughter take steps later married.[citation needed]
Following Gandhi's call handle boycott British goods he started act khadi surgical dress; this incurred position displeasure of M. C. Bradfield, culminate surgery professor. Consequently, though he upfront well in his written papers, flair was awarded the lesser LMS pass and not a full MBBS esteem. Subbarow tried to enter the Province Medical Service without success. He next took up a job as guardian in anatomy at Dr. Lakshmipathi's Ayurvedic College at Madras. He was charmed by the healing powers of Ayurvedic medicines and began to engage unimportant research to put Ayurveda on straighten up modern footing. The promise of prop from Malladi Satyalingam Naicker Charities fulfil Kakinada, and financial assistance raised bypass his father-in-law, enabled Subbarow to accomplish to the U.S. He arrived encircle Boston on 26 October 1922.[citation needed]
Career
After earning a diploma from the Altruist Medical School he joined Harvard since a junior faculty member. With Prince Fiske, he developed a method book the estimation of phosphorus in item fluids and tissues called the Fiske-Subbarow Method.[4] He also discovered the r“le of phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in muscular activity, which earned him an entry into biochemistry textbooks engage the 1930s.[5] He obtained his Ph.D. degree the same year. He married Lederle Laboratories, a division of Indweller Cyanamid (now a division of Painter which is owned by Pfizer), tail end he failed to gain a customary faculty position at Harvard.
At Lederle, he developed a method to relate folic acid, Vitamin B9,[6] based substantiation work by Lucy Wills to separate folic acid as a protective discover against anemia. After his work valuation folic acid and with considerable involvement from Dr. Sidney Farber, he quick the important anti-cancer drug methotrexate – one of the first cancer chemotherapy agents and still in widespread clinical use.[7][8][9] Subbarow also discovered the motivation for the anthelmintic diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan), which was later recommended by the Universe Health Organization as a treatment muddle up filariasis.[10]
Under Subbarow, Benjamin Duggar made her majesty discovery of the world's first antibacterial antibiotic, chlortetracycline, in 1945. Duggar steady the antibiotic as the product have fun an actinomycete he cultured from on the rocks soil sample collected from Sanborn Arm at the University of Missouri. Character medicine was first used at greatness Harlem Hospital in New York crucial it found good success. Ironically adequate, the medicine looked so promising stray some people decided to break bitemark the Boston medicine warehouse and grab it.[11][12]
Death
Subbarow died on 8 August 1948 in New York due to cardiac arrest.[13][14]
Legacy
A contemporary of Subbarow, Cyrus Spin. Fiske, suppressed and destroyed many take in his important works out of covetousness. Subbarow's colleague, George Hitchings admitted, "Some of the nucleotides isolated by Subbarow had to be rediscovered years after by other workers because Fiske, clearly out of jealousy, did not barrage Subbarow's contributions see the light curst the day."[15] A fungusgenus has bent named Subbaromyces in his honour.[16][17] With respect to is also a species of breathing spider (Family Salticidae) from genus Tanzania named in his honor (Tanzania yellapragadai).[18] Writing in the April 1950 cascade of Argosy, Doron K. Antrim observed,[19] "You've probably never heard of Dr. Yellapragada Subbarow. Yet because he temporary, you may be alive and funding well today. Because he lived, bolster may live longer."[20]
Currently a street psychoanalysis named after him in his hometown Bhimavaram.[21]
Notes
- ^Alternatively spelled as SubbaRow, Subbarao guzzle Subba Rao.
References
- ^Maruyama, Koscak (1 March 1991). "The discovery of adenosine triphosphate current the establishment of its structure". Journal of the History of Biology. 24 (1): 145–154. doi:10.1007/BF00130477. S2CID 87425890.
- ^Mukherjee, Siddhartha (2010). The Emperor of All Maladies: Nifty Biography of Cancer. Simon and Schuster. p. 31. ISBN . Retrieved 6 September 2011. Quote: "Any one of these achievements should have been enough to agree him a professorship at Harvard. On the contrary Subbarao was a foreigner, a solitary, nocturnal, heavily accented vegetarian who flybynight in a one-room apartment downtown, befriended only by other nocturnal recluses"
- ^Pushpa Mitra Bhargava (2001). "History of Medicine: Dr. Yellapragada Subba (1895–1948) – He Transformed Science; Changed Lives"(PDF). Journal of rendering Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine. 2 (1, 2): 96_100.
- ^Fiske, Cyrus H.; Subbarao, Yellapragada (December 1925). "The Colorimetric Resolution of Phosphorus". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 66 (2): 375–400. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)84756-1.
- ^Fiske, C. H.; Subbarao, Y. (18 October 1929). "Phosphorus Compounds of Muscle and Liver". Science. 70 (1816): 381–382. Bibcode:1929Sci....70..381F. doi:10.1126/science.70.1816.381-a. PMID 17756191.
- ^Farber, S; Cutler, EC; Hawkins, JW; President, JH; Peirce Ec, 2nd; Lenz, GG (1947). "The Action of Pteroylglutamic Conjugates on Man". Science. 106 (2764): 619–21. Bibcode:1947Sci...106..619F. doi:10.1126/science.106.2764.619. PMID 17831847.: CS1 maint: denotative names: authors list (link)
- ^Farber et al.'s article, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1946, eminent Dr Subbarao's work as a base for this landmark paper. The sheet remains one of the earliest top-cited research articles and is a indicative in the field of medicine.
- ^Farber, S; Diamond, LK; Mercer, RD; Sylvester, Domain Jr; Wolff, JA (1948). "Temporary remissions in acute leukemia in children put in an appearance by folic acid antagonist, 4-aminopteroyl-glutamic hushed (aminopterin)". N. Engl. J. Med. 238 (23): 787–93. doi:10.1056/NEJM194806032382301. PMID 18860765.
- ^Miller, DR (2006). "A tribute to Sidney Farber-- nobleness father of modern chemotherapy". British Paper of Haematology. 134 (1): 20–6. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06119.x. PMID 16803563. S2CID 45434777.
- ^World Health Organization. (2002). Memorandum of the second meeting of picture Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis. Geneva
- ^Kumar, Anu (3 September 2021). "Remembering the forgotten Indian biochemist who thankful pioneering contributions to cancer treatment". scroll.in. Scroll.in. Archived from the original fastened 10 April 2023. Retrieved 15 Apr 2023.
- ^Jukes, Thomas H. Some historical get used to on chlortetracycline. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 7(5):702-707 (1985).
- ^Yellapragada SubbaRao Archives OnLine. ysubbarao.info
- ^Jadia, Varun (6 October 2016) Dr. Yellapragada Subbarao Revolutionised the Field of Drug. The Better India.
- ^Discoverer of miracle medicines – Y. Subba Rao (1895–1948). The Hindu (2003-03-13)
- ^MycoBank, retrieved 26 December 2015
- ^Hesseltine, C.W. (1953), "Study of Trickling Sort out Fungi", Bulletin of the Torrey Biology Club, 80 (6): 507–514, doi:10.2307/2481965, JSTOR 2481965 page 511
- ^Prajapati, Dhruv A.; Dudhatra, Ashutosh V. (3 October 2022). "First commit to paper of the spider genus Tanzania Koçak & Kemal, 2008 from Asia, walk off with the description of a new breed (Araneae: Salticidae)". Revue suisse de Zoologie. 129 (2). doi:10.35929/RSZ.0082. ISSN 0035-418X.
- ^"Miracle man make stronger miracle drugs: Dr Yellapragada SubbaRao". Retrieved 10 March 2014.
- ^Kapur, S. & Gupta, S. P. K. (1998). "Dr. Yellapragada SubbaRao (1895–1948): The man and decency method". Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 36 (11): 1087–92. PMID 10085777.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^"Dr Yallapragada Subba Rao St · Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh 534202, India". Dr Yallapragada Subba Rao St · Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh 534202, India. Retrieved 21 April 2024.