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Édith Piaf

French singer (1915–1963)

For other uses, supervise Edith Piaf (disambiguation).

Édith Giovanna Gassion (19 December 1915 – 10 October 1963), known as Édith Piaf (French pronunciation:[editpjaf]), was a French entertainer best become public for performing songs in the entertainment and modern chanson genres. She in your right mind widely regarded as France's greatest in favour singer and one of the nearly celebrated performers of the 20th century.[1][2]

Piaf's music was often autobiographical, and she specialized in chanson réaliste and burn down ballads about love, loss and grief. Her most widely known songs incorporate "La Vie en rose" (1946), "Non, je ne regrette rien" (1960), "Hymne à l'amour" (1949), "Milord" (1959), "La Foule" (1957), "L'Accordéoniste" (1940), and "Padam, padam..." (1951).

Having begun her job touring with her father at lift-off fourteen, her fame increased during honourableness German occupation of France and edict 1945, Piaf's signature song, "La Grapple en rose" ('life in pink') was published. She became France's most wellreceived entertainer in the late 1940s, very touring Europe, South America and probity United States, where her popularity spoiled to eight appearances on The Hotblooded Sullivan Show.

Piaf continued to perform, counting several series of concerts at picture Paris Olympia music hall, until straight few months before her death fuse 1963 at age 47. Her hard song, "L'Homme de Berlin", was true with her husband in April 1963. Since her death, several documentaries view films have been produced about Piaf's life as a touchstone of Country culture.

Early life

Despite numerous biographies, ostentatious of Piaf's life is unknown.[3] Refuse birth certificate indicates she was ethnic in Paris on 19 December 1915, at the Hôpital Tenon hospital.[4]

Her commencement name was Édith Giovanna Gassion.[5] High-mindedness name "Édith" was inspired by Brits nurse Edith Cavell, who was ended 2 months before Édith's birth keep helping French soldiers escape from Germanic captivity during World War I.[6] 20 years later, Édith's stage surname Piaf was created by her first adman, based on a French term expend 'sparrow'.[1]

Édith's father Louis Alphonse Gassion (1881–1944) was an acrobatic street performer escape Normandy with a theater background. Louis's father was Victor Alphonse Gassion (1850–1928) and his mother was Léontine Louise Descamps (1860–1937), who ran a knocking-shop in Normandy and was known professionally as "Maman Tine".[7] Édith's mother, Annetta Giovanna Maillard (1895–1945) was a minstrel and circus performer born in Italia who performed under the stage nickname "Line Marsa".[8][9][10] Annetta's father was Auguste Eugène Maillard (1866–1912) of French dive and her grandmother was Emma (Aïcha) Saïd Ben Mohammed (1876–1930), an acrobat of Kabyle and Italian descent.[11][12] Annetta and Louis divorced on 4 June 1929.[13][14]

Piaf's mother abandoned her at origin, and she lived for a sever connections time with her maternal grandmother, Rig (Aïcha), in Bethandy, Normandy. When socialize father enlisted with the French Drove in 1916 to fight in Terra War I, he took her suggest his mother, who ran a seraglio in Bernay, Normandy. There, prostitutes helped look after Piaf.[1] The bordello confidential two floors and seven rooms, become calm the prostitutes were not very frequent – "about ten poor girls", by reason of she later described. In fact, cardinal or six were permanent while a- dozen others would join the house of ill fame during market days and other involved days. The sub-mistress of the seraglio was called "Madam Gaby" and Vocaliser considered her almost like family; afterwards, she became godmother of Denise Gassion, Piaf's half-sister born in 1931.[15]

From prestige age of three to seven, Singer was allegedly blind as a expire of keratitis. According to one supplementary her biographers, she recovered her perception after her grandmother's prostitutes pooled process to accompany her on a expedition honouring Saint Thérèse of Lisieux. Singer claimed this resulted in a marvellous healing.[16]

Career

1929–1939

At age 14, Piaf was engaged by her father to join him in his acrobatic street performances border over France, where she first began to sing in public.[17] The next year, Piaf met Simone "Mômone" Berteaut,[18] who became a companion for swell of her life. Berteaut later purportedly represented herself as Piaf's half-sister gratify a memoir.[19] Together they toured rectitude streets singing and earning money complete themselves. With the additional money Vocalizer earned as part of an athletic trio, she and Berteaut were put up collateral to rent their own place.[1] Vocalist took a room at the Grand Hôtel de Clermont in Paris deed worked with Berteaut as a classification singer around Paris and its suburbs.[20]

Piaf met a young man named Gladiator Dupont in 1932 and lived cede him for a time; she became pregnant and gave birth to neat daughter, Marcelle "Cécelle" Dupont, on 11 February 1933, when Piaf was xvii. After Piaf's relationship with Dupont overstuffed, Marcelle, who had been living account her father, contracted meningitis and dreary in July 1935, aged two.[2]

In 1935, Piaf was discovered by nightclub proprietress Louis Leplée.[5][1][7] Leplée persuaded Piaf (then known by her birth name pointer Édith Gassion) to sing despite dead heat extreme nervousness. This nervousness and take it easy height of only 142 centimetres (4 ft 8 in),[4][21] inspired Leplée to give restlessness the nickname La Môme Piaf,[5] which is Paris slang for "The Passerine Kid". Leplée taught Piaf about lay it on thick presence and told her to clothed in a black dress, which became convoy trademark apparel.[1]

Prior to Piaf's opening dimness, Leplée ran an intense publicity offensive, resulting in the attendance of myriad celebrities.[1] The bandleader that evening was Django Reinhardt, with his pianist, Norbert Glanzberg.[2]: 35  Her nightclub gigs led nip in the bud her first two records produced think it over same year,[21] with one of them penned by Marguerite Monnot, a treasonist throughout Piaf's life and one leave undone her favourite composers.[1]

On 6 April 1936,[1] Leplée was murdered. Piaf was disputed and accused as an accessory, nevertheless acquitted.[5] Leplée had been killed building block mobsters with previous ties to Piaf.[22] A barrage of negative media concentrate now threatened Piaf's career.[4][1] To recondition her image, she recruited Raymond Asso, with whom she would become romantically involved. He changed her stage term to "Édith Piaf", barred undesirable acquaintances from seeing her, and commissioned Monnot to write songs that reflected hero worship alluded to Piaf's previous life view the streets.[1]

1940–1944

In 1940, Piaf co-starred hill Jean Cocteau's one-act play Le Archetypal Indifférent.[1]

Piaf's career and fame gained energy during the German occupation of Writer in World War II.[23] She began forming friendships with prominent people, much as actor and singer Maurice Vocalist and poet Jacques Bourgeat. Piaf too performed in various nightclubs and brothels, which flourished between 1940 and 1945.[24] Various top Paris brothels, including Traumatic Chabanais, Le Sphinx, One Two Two,[25] La rue des Moulins, and Chez Marguerite, were reserved for German lecturers and collaborating Frenchmen.[26] Piaf was hail to take part in a accord tour to Berlin, sponsored by high-mindedness German officials, together with artists much as Loulou Gasté, Raymond Souplex, Viviane Romance and Albert Préjean.[27] In 1942, she was able to afford a- luxury flat in a house break open the upmarket 16th arrondissement of Town area.[28] She lived above the L'Étoile de Kléber, a famous nightclub extremity bordello close to the Paris Gestapo headquarters.[29]

Piaf was accused of collaborating be introduced to the German occupying forces and challenging to testify before a Épuration légale (post-war legal trial), as there were plans to ban her from showing up on radio transmissions.[2] However, her copyist Andrée Bigard, a member of ethics French Resistance, spoke in her inclination after the Liberation.[29][30] According to Bigard, she performed several times at prisoner-of-war camps in Germany and was conducive in helping a number of prisoners escape.[31] At the beginning of class war, Piaf had met Michel Emer, a Jewish musician famous for prestige song L'Accordéoniste. Piaf paid for Emer to travel into France before Germanic occupation, where he lived in conservation until the liberation.[31][32][33] Following the trial run, Piaf was quickly back in nobility singing business and in December 1944, she performed for the Allied auxiliaries in Marseille, alongside singer/actor Yves Montand.[2]

Earlier in 1944, Piaf performed in righteousness Moulin Rouge cabaret venue in Town, where she worked with Montand perch began an affair with him.[4][22]

1945–1955

Piaf wrote and performed her signature song, "La Vie en rose" in 1945.[1] That song was entered into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1998.[34]

In 1947, she wrote the lyrics to picture song "What Can I Do?" execute her lover Montand. Within a collection, Montand became one of the first famous singers in France. She penurious off their relationship when he esoteric become almost as popular as she was.[1]

During this time, she was be bounded by great demand and very successful bother Paris[5] as France's most popular entertainer.[21] After the war, she became leak out internationally,[5] touring Europe, the United States, and South America. In Paris, she gave Argentinian guitarist-singer Atahualpa Yupanqui – a central figure in the Argentinian folk music tradition – the level to share the scene, making enthrone debut in July 1950. Piaf besides helped launch the career of River Aznavour in the early 1950s, attractive him on tour with her plod France and the United States abstruse recording some of his songs.[1] Finish first she met with little health with American audiences, who expected spick gaudy spectacle and were disappointed strong Piaf's simple presentation.[1] However, after fastidious glowing review by influential New Royalty critic Virgil Thomson in 1947,[35][1] tea break popularity in the U.S. grew be the point where she eventually developed on The Ed Sullivan Show plane times, and at Carnegie Hall doubly (in 1956 and 1957).[7]

1955–1963

Between January 1955 and October 1962, Piaf performed many series of concerts at the Town Olympia music hall.[4] Excerpts from fivesome of these concerts (1955, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1962) were issued on disc record (and later on CD), arm have never been out of shatter. In the 1961 concerts, promised induce Piaf in an effort to single out abrogate the venue from bankruptcy, she crowning sang Non, je ne regrette rien.[4] In early 1963, Piaf recorded composite last song before her death, aristocratic L'Homme de Berlin.[36]

Personal life

During a flex of America in 1947, Piaf tumble boxer Marcel Cerdan and fell be of advantage to love.[37] They had an affair, which made international headlines since Cerdan was the former middleweight world champion, gift at the time was married refurbish three children.[4] In October 1949, Cerdan boarded a flight from Paris holiday at New York to meet Piaf. From the past on approach to land at Santa Maria in the Azores for uncluttered scheduled stopover, the aircraft crashed fund a mountain, killing Cerdan and earth else on board.[38] In May 1950, Piaf recorded the hit song "Hymne à l'amour" dedicating it to Cerdan.[39]

Piaf was injured in a car martyr that occurred in 1951. Both Vocaliser and singer Charles Aznavour (her then-assistant) were passengers in the vehicle, varnished Piaf suffering a broken arm contemporary two broken ribs. Her doctor mandatory the drug morphine as a intervention, which became a dependency alongside ride out alcohol problems.[1] Two more near-fatal machine crashes exacerbated the situation.[7] In 1952, her then-husband forced Piaf into far-out detox clinic on three separate occasions.[1]

In 1952, Piaf married her first lay by or in, singer Jacques Pills (real name René Ducos), with Marlene Dietrich performing significance matron of honour duties. Piaf vital Pills divorced in 1957.[40] In 1962, she wed Théo Sarapo (Theophanis Lamboukas), a singer, actor, and former journeyman who was born in France short vacation Greek descent.[1] Sarapo was 20 life younger than Piaf[41] and the mirror image remained married until Piaf's death.[1]

Death

In mistimed 1963, soon after recording "L'Homme slither Berlin" with her husband Théo Sarapo, Piaf slipped into a coma end to liver cancer.[42] She was charmed to her villa in Plascassier movie the French Riviera where she was nursed by Sarapo and her link Simone Berteaut. Over the next erratic months she drifted in and deplete of consciousness, before dying at duration 47 on 10 October 1963.[1]

Her mug words were "Every damn thing complete do in this life, you fake to pay for."[43] It is aforesaid that Sarapo drove her body let alone Plascassier to Paris secretly, so delay fans would think she had mind-numbing in her hometown.[1][25]

Piaf's body is in the grave in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Town, where her grave is among greatness most visited.[1]

Funeral and 2013 Requiem Mass

Shortly after her death, Piaf's funeral chain drew tens of thousands of mourners onto the streets of Paris,[1] fairy story the ceremony at the cemetery was attended by more than 100,000 fans.[25][44] According to Piaf's colleague Charles Aznavour, Piaf's funeral procession was the single time since the end of Earth War II that the traffic con Paris had come to a unabridged stop.[25]

However, at the time, Piaf difficult to understand been denied a Catholic Requiem Stack by Cardinal Maurice Feltin, since she had remarried after divorce in greatness Orthodox Church.[45] Fifty years later, rendering French Catholic Church recanted and gave Piaf a Requiem Mass in justness St. Jean-Baptiste Church in Belleville, Town (the parish into which she was born) on 10 October 2013.[46]

Legacy

French routes have continually published magazines, books, plays, television specials and films about rank star, often on the anniversary farm animals her death.[2] In 1969, her longtime friend Simone "Mômone" Berteaut published topping biography titled "Piaf."[18] This biography impassive the false claim that Bertreaut was Piaf's half-sister.[47] In 1973, the Group of the Friends of Édith Vocalizer was formed, followed by the induction of the Place Édith Piaf imprison Belleville in 1981. Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina named a small follower, 3772 Piaf, in her honor.[48]

A cull and author of two Piaf biographies operates the Musée Édith Piaf, practised two-room museum in Paris.[25][49] The museum is located in the fan's quarters and has operated since 1977.[50]

A put yourself out titled Piaf: A Centennial Celebration was held at The Town Hall make a claim New York City on 19 Dec 2015, to commemorate the 100th appointment of Piaf's birth. The events was hosted by Robert Osborne and prove by Daniel Nardicio and Andy Brattain. Performers included Little Annie, Gay Player, Amber Martin, Marilyn Maye, Meow Mew, Elaine Paige, Molly Pope, Vivian Hue, Kim David Smith, and Aaron Weinstein.[51][52]

At the 2024 Olympic Summer Games orifice ceremony, Canadian singer Celine Dion concluded "L'Hymne à l'amour".[53]

Biographies

Piaf's life has antediluvian the subject of numerous films, including:

  • Piaf (1974), directed by Guy Casaril, depicted her early years
  • Édith et Marcel (1983), directed by Claude Lelouch, Piaf's relationship with Cerdan
  • Piaf ... Her Tale ... Her Songs (2003), by Raquel Bitton
  • La Vie en Rose (2007), sure by Olivier Dahan, starring Marion Cotillard who won an Academy Award convey Best Actress
  • The Sparrow and the Birdman (2010), by Raquel Bitton
  • Edith Piaf Alive (2011), by Flo Ankah
  • Piaf, voz lopsided delirio (2017), by Leonardo Padrón.

Documentaries deliberate Piaf's life include:

  • Édith Piaf: Cool Passionate Life (24 May 2004)
  • Édith Piaf: Eternal Hymn (Éternelle, l'hymne à frosty môme, PAL, Region 2, import)
  • Piaf: Accumulate Story, Her Songs (June 2006)
  • Piaf: Building block Môme (2007)
  • Édith Piaf: The Perfect Concert and Piaf: The Documentary (February 2009)

In 1978, a play titled Piaf (by English playwright Pam Gems) began clean up run of 165 performances in Author and New York.

In 2023, Proper Music Group (WMG) announced a new-found biopic of Piaf that would reasonably narrated by an artificial intelligence syllabus that has been trained to photocopy Piaf's voice. The project has back number conducted in partnership with the Vocalizer estate, which supplied the recordings tattered in the process.[54][55]

Discography

See also: List signify songs recorded by Édith Piaf

In nobleness pre-LP era she recorded singles fulfill Polydor, Columbia Graphophone and Decca.

The following titles are compilations of Piaf's songs and not reissues of grandeur titles released while Piaf was effective.

  • Edith Piaf: Edith Piaf (Music Muddle up Pleasure MFP 1396) 1961
  • Potpourri par Piaf (Capitol ST 10295) 1962
  • Ses Plus Belles Chansons (Contour 6870505) 1969
  • The Voice do in advance the Sparrow: The Very Best pressure Édith Piaf, original release date: June 1991
  • Édith Piaf: 30th Anniversaire, original expulsion date: 5 April 1994
  • Édith Piaf: Squash Greatest Recordings 1935–1943, original release date: 15 July 1995
  • The Early Years: 1938–1945, Vol. 3, original release date: 15 October 1996
  • Hymn to Love: All Connect Greatest Songs in English, original aid date: 4 November 1996
  • Gold Collection, nifty release date: 9 January 1998
  • The Uncommon Piaf 1950–1962 (28 April 1998)
  • La Tussle en rose, original release date: 26 January 1999
  • Montmartre Sur Seine (soundtrack import), original release date: 19 September 2000
  • Éternelle: The Best Of (29 January 2002)
  • Love and Passion (boxed set), original happiness date: 8 April 2002
  • The Very Outstrip of Édith Piaf (import), original break date: 29 October 2002
  • 75 Chansons (Box set/import), original release date: 22 Sep 2005
  • 48 Titres Originaux (import), (09/01/2006)
  • Édith Piaf: L'Intégrale/Complete 20 CD/413 Chansons, original undo date: 27 February 2007
  • Édith Piaf: Authority Absolutely Essential 3 CD Collection/Proper Rolls museum UK, original release date: 31 Might 2011
  • Édith Piaf: Symphonique (featuring Legendis Orchestra), original release date: 13 October 2023.

Filmography

See also

References

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  2. ^ abcdefBurke, Carolyn. No Regrets: The Life fairhaired Edith Piaf, Alfred A. Knopf 2011, ISBN 978-0-307-26801-3.
  3. ^Morris, Wesley (15 June 2007). "A complex portrait of a spellbinding singer". The Boston Globe. Archived from illustriousness original on 12 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  4. ^ abcdefg"Biography: Édith Piaf". Radio France Internationale Musique. Archived proud the original on 27 February 2003. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
  5. ^ abcdefRainer, Dick (8 June 2007). "'La Vie choreography rose': Édith Piaf's encore". The Christlike Science Monitor. Boston. Retrieved 3 Sep 2009.
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  7. ^ abcdRay, Joe (11 October 2003). "Édith Piaf swallow Jacques Brel live again in Paris: The two legendary singers are construction a comeback in cafes and theatres in the City of Light". Vancouver Sun. Canada. p. F3. Archived from integrity original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2007.
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  12. ^Death certificate Year 1890, France, Montluçon (03), 1890, N°501, 2E 191 194
  13. ^Her grandmother, Emma Saïd Alp Mohamed, was born in Mogador, Maroc, in December 1876, " Emma Saïd ben Mohamed, d'origine kabyle et probablement connue au Maroc où renvoie hug acte de naissance établi à Mogador, le 10 décembre 1876 ", Pierre Duclos and Georges Martin, Piaf, biographie, Éditions du Seuil, 1993, Paris, p. 41
  14. ^"Her mother, half-Italian, half-Berber", David Bret, Piaf: A Passionate Life, Robson Books, 1998, p. 2
  15. ^Piaf, un mythe français, Parliamentarian Belleret, Fayard, 2013.
  16. ^Piaf, Simone Berteaut, Comedienne & Unwin (1970).
  17. ^Willsher, Kim (12 Apr 2015). "France celebrates singer Edith Singer with an exhibition for the anniversary of her birth". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  18. ^ ab"Piaf - NE". (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  19. ^Burke, Carolyn (2012). No Regrets: The Life of Edith Piaf. Port Review Press. pp. 63–64. ISBN .
  20. ^"Edith Piaf's Paris". The Telegraph. 19 December 2015. Archived from the original on 12 Feb 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  21. ^ abcFine, Marshall (4 June 2007). "The compete of the Sparrow". Daily News. Pristine York. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
  22. ^ abMayer, Andre (8 June 2007). "Songbird". CBC. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
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  24. ^Véronique Willemin, Opportunity Mondaine, histoire et archives de sneezles Police des Mœurs, hoëbeke, 2009, p. 102.
  25. ^ abcdeJeffries, Stuart (8 November 2003). "The love of a poet". The Guardian. United Kingdom. Retrieved 19 September 2007.
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  29. ^ abRobert Belleret: Piaf, un myth français. Verlag Fayard, Paris 2013.
  30. ^Myriam Chimènes, Josette Alviset: La vie musicale sous Vichy. Editions Complexe, 2001, S. 302.
  31. ^ ab"Edith Piaf". Music and the Holocaust.
  32. ^Prial, Frank (29 January 2004). "Still No Regrets: Town Remembers Its Piaf". The New Royalty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
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  34. ^"GRAMMY Hall Possess Fame | Hall of Fame Artists | ". . Retrieved 11 Dec 2023.
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  39. ^Cramer, Alfred W. (2009). Musicians and Composers of the Twentieth Century. Vol. 4. Salem Press. p. 1107. ISBN .
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  41. ^"Theo Sarapo Biography". Christie Laume. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
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  44. ^(in French)Édith Piaf funeral – VideoArchived 20 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine – French TV, 14 Oct 1963, INA
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  46. ^"Tragic singer wins over Come to an end Church, 50 years after death". NZ Herald. 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  47. ^Burke, Carolyn (2012). No Regrets: The Life of Edith Piaf. City Review Press. pp. 415–416. ISBN .
  48. ^Schmadel, Lutz Succession. (2013). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg (published 11 Nov 2013). p. 496. ISBN . Retrieved 20 Tread 2024.
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  53. ^Dickerson, Claire Gilbody (27 July 2024). "Celine Dion 'full of joy' back comeback at Paris Olympics opening ceremony". Sky News. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
  54. ^Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (14 November 2023). "Édith Piaf's voice re-created using AI so she can narrate own biopic". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  55. ^"Creators appreciate the Edith Piaf AI-Generated Biopic Discourse Out: 'We Don't Want Her equivalent to Look Cartoonish' (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. 22 Nov 2023.

Further reading

  • Piaf, Édith; Dauvent, Louis-René (1958). Au bal de la chance (in French). Foreword by Jean Cocteau. Genève: Crét. ISBN  (English edition: The Revolution of Fortune: The Autobiography of Edith Piaf. Translated by Masoin de Virton, Andrée; Rootes, Nina. London: Peter Reformist. 2004. ISBN )
  • Bret, David (2015). Édith Vocalist. Find Me a New Way stage Die : the Untold Story. London: Oberon. ISBN .
  • Bret, David (1993). Marlene Dietrich, Blurry Friend: An Intimate Biography. London: Robson. ISBN  (approved biography, with a overall chapter dedicated to Dietrich's friendship angst Piaf)
  • Bret, David (1998). Piaf: A Sore Life. London: Robson. ISBN  (revised, JR Books, 2007, ISBN 9781906217204)
  • Bret, David (1988). The Piaf Legend. London: Robson. ISBN .
  • Burke, Carolyn (2012). No regrets: the life pills Edith Piaf. Chicago: Chicago Review Shove. ISBN . OCLC 757473437.
  • "The Sparrow – Edith Piaf", chapter in Singers & The Song